风储孤网系统小干扰稳定性分析研究

从电力系统运行的一般原理出发,开展风储孤网系统小信号稳定和动态稳定的研究,保障局部地区供电可靠性。基于特征值分析法和李亚普诺夫线性系统稳定性判据,对风储孤网系统小干扰稳定性问题进行了研究。提出风储孤网系统储能单元基于下垂控制模式的储能逆变器控制策略,并根据风储孤网系统各模块的控制策略建立相应的数学模型；基于特征值分析法进行风储孤网系统各模块数学模型的小干扰稳定性分析,并根据李亚普诺夫线性系统稳定性判据进行风储孤网系统的稳定性判断；基于MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台搭建风储孤网系统仿真模型,通过仿真验证了风储孤网系统能够实现稳定运行,与小干扰稳定性分析得出的结论一致。研究成果可为风储孤网系统的运行稳定性研究提供理论参考。     

Soil carbon distribution and site characteristics in hyper-arid soils of the Atacama Desert: A site with Mars-like soils

The soil carbon content and its relation to site characteristics are important in evaluating current local, regional, and global soil C storage and projecting future variations in response to climate change. In this study we analyzed the concentration of organic and inorganic carbon and their relationship with in situ climatic and geological characteristics in 485 samples of surface soil and 17 pits from the hyper-arid area and 51 samples with 2 pits from the arid–semiarid region from the Atacama Desert located in Peru and Chile. The soil organic carbon (SOC) in hyperarid soils ranged from 1.8 to 50.9 μg C per g of soil for the 0–0.1 m profile and from 1.8 to 125.2 μg C per g of soil for the 0–1 m profile. The analysis of climatic (temperature and precipitation), elevation, and some geologic characteristics (landforms) associated with hyper-arid soils explained partially the SOC variability. On the other hand, soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents, in the form of carbonates, ranged from 200 to 1500 μg C per g of soil for the 0–0.1 m profile and from 200 to 3000 μg C per g of soil for the 0–1.0 m profile in the driest area. The largest accumulations of organic and inorganic carbon were found near to arid–semiarid areas. In addition, the elemental carbon concentrations show that the presence of other forms of inorganic carbon (e.g. graphite, etc.) was negligible in these hyperarid soils. Overall, the top 1 m soil layer of hyperarid lands contains ∼11.6 Tg of organic carbon and 344.6 Tg of carbonate carbon. The total stored carbon was 30.8-fold the organic carbon alone. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the total budget carbon on the surface and shallow subsurface on ∼160,000 km² of hyperarid soils.     

采用开关磁阻电机系统的电动摩托研究

电动车辆是融多学科为一体的高科技产物,发展速度不断加快,本文对电动摩托车的总体设计进行了研究,并针对电动摩托车的特点提出了一种开关磁阻电机驱动系统（ＳＲＤ）方案,该开关磁阻电机采用８／６结构,其优点是容易再生制动,效率较高,起动力矩大,可靠性较好。额定功率为１ｋＷ,向驱动系统提供动力的是两只１２Ｖ３６Ａｈ的铅酸蓄电池,控制器以８０Ｃ１９６ＫＢ单片机为核心,在对ＳＲＤ充分研究的基础上,完成了电动摩托     

Viability of barley seeds after long-term exposure to outer side of international space station

Barley seeds were exposed to outer space for 13 months in a vented metal container without a climate control system to assess the risk of physiological and genetic mutation during long-term storage in space. The space-stored seeds (S0 generation), with an 82% germination rate in 50 seeds, lost about 20% of their weight after the exposure. The germinated seeds showed normal growth, heading, and ripening. The harvested seeds (S1 generation) also germinated and reproduced (S2 generation) as did the ground-stored seeds. The culm length, ear length, number of seed, grain weight, and fertility of the plants from the space-stored seeds were not significantly different from those of the ground-stored seeds in each of the S0 and S1 generation. Furthermore, the S1 and S2 space-stored seeds respectively showed similar β-glucan content to those of the ground-stored seeds. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis with 16 primer combinations showed no specific fragment that appears or disappears significantly in the DNA isolated from the barley grown from the space-stored seeds. Though these data are derived from nine S0 space-stored seeds in a single exposure experiment, the results demonstrate the preservation of barley seeds in outer space for 13 months without phenotypic or genotypic changes and with healthy and vigorous growth in space.     

平抑风电场功率波动的复合储能系统控制策略

随着风力发电所占发电比例的上升,其随机性、波动性及间歇性对电网的影响不可忽视。基于超级电容和蓄电池组成的复合储能系统,提出了一种用于抑制风电功率波动的自适应复合储能控制策略,通过引入超级电容荷电状态反馈来实施对低通/高通滤波器时间常数的控制,在完成对风电波动功率平抑的同时,合理分配平抑功率,避免超级电容过充过放。最后通过仿真,针对春夏秋冬不同时间窗口下的功率波动进行平抑,验证了所提自适应控制策略的有效性。     

发电电动机转子不同磁极引线的应力分布与疲劳特性对比研究

磁极极间连接线是发电电动机转子的关键部件,合理的引线方式可有效避免大型发电电动机运行过程中由于工况频繁切换引起的磁极连接线熔断等故障。针对该问题,采用有限元法对3种典型磁极引线连接方式进行了分析,详细计算额定转速为300 r/min和500 r/min的2台电机的3种磁极连接结构的应力和疲劳情况。结合疲劳分析结果,指出适用于高转速发电-电动机磁极连接线典型结构,并给出发电-电动机磁极连接线设计方面的建议。研究成果可为抽水蓄能电站发电电动机极间连接线选型及运行维护提供支持。     

飞轮储能用磁悬浮开关磁阻电机多目标优化设计

研究了一种基于遗传粒子群综合算法(GPSOA)的飞轮储能(FES)用的单绕组磁悬浮开关磁阻电机(SWBSRM)多目标优化设计方案。结合有限元分析(FEA),通过敏感性分析得到SWBSRM悬浮力与效率随主要尺寸参数变化的一般规律。在此基础上,利用GPSOA以悬浮力和效率为目标函数对SWBSRM进行了全局寻优,获得使悬浮力最大和效率最高的参数优化组合。利用FEA对比优化前后电机悬浮力、铁损及磁密的大小,验证了GPSOA多目标优化的有效性。     

Thermal performance of a 3D printed lattice-structure heat sink packaging phase change material

Thermal storage technology is becoming more and more significant with the increase of high-power equipment in space applications. In this paper, 3D printing technology and Phase Change Material (PCM) were combined into a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system, which could fulfill the requirements of light weight and high thermal conductivity. A 3D-printed lattice-structure TES plate with N-tetradecane as the PCM and aluminum alloy as the thermal conductivity enhancer was manufactured, and experimentally tested in a thermal vacuum chamber. In addition, a simplified simulation model of the lattice cell was established to clearly analyze the heat transfer process of the TES plate. The effects of initial temperature distribution and heat load gradient on the thermal storage performances were investigated experimentally and theoretically. The equivalent thermal conductivity of the 3D-printed lattice-structure TES plate turns out to be 13 times of the pure PCM thanks to the aluminum skeleton. The heat transfer enhancement appears at the end of the phase change stage due to the sudden mixture of the PCM with different temperature. The simulation results agree well with the experimental data. The equivalent thermal conductivity obtained by the phase change simulations are a little higher than those of the experiments, which is mainly caused by the initial uneven temperature distribution in the tests. Additionally, the effects of non-uniform heat load and the presence of the PCM in the TES plate are studied. This work successfully validates the feasibility and effectiveness of 3D printing technology and TES technology for the temperature control in space applications.     

陀螺力矩器标度因数变化模型及稳定性研究

 力矩器作为动力调谐陀螺(DTG)的关键器件,影响着陀螺在贮存条件下的长期稳定性。力矩器标度因数是衡量陀螺稳定性的重要参数。为研究动力调谐陀螺仪力矩器标度因数的变化原理和规律,以故障模式、机理和影响分析(FMMEA)方法为基础,分析贮存条件下陀螺力矩器标度因数变化主机理,确定影响其变化的机理部位和应力类型;结合底层主机理部件胶蠕变和磁钢退磁随环境应力、时间的变化趋势,建立系统层力矩器标度因数变化量的长期预报模型;以某DTG为例,结合其贮存剖面,进行基于模型的贮存稳定性分析,计算得到5年内力矩器标度因数变化值,与历史数据相比较,二者趋势一致,证明本文研究方法的正确性;同时利用建立的变化模型进行陀螺加速性分析,得到陀螺参数的加速因子,为加速退化试验的设计提供依据。     

基于有向图模型的卫星任务指令生成算法

面向任务的卫星操控模式具有操作简便、星载资源使用效率高的优点,正在取代指令序列注入成为遥感卫星运控的新模式。文章提出一种基于有向图模型的遥感卫星任务指令序列生成算法,具有线性存储复杂度和计算复杂度,适合存储资源和计算资源受限的星载计算机应用。此算法已在某遥感卫星应用,测试试验表明,采用3个面向任务的高级指令即可生成52种指令序列,任务上行注入效率提升了5倍。本文方法根据有效载荷的使用约束条件,配置有向图模型参数,即可满足各种类型卫星使用。